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Saxagliptin
Onglyza
Onglyza (saxagliptin) is a medication approved by the FDA to help manage Type 2 diabetes mellitus. As a member of the DPP-4 inhibitor class, it enhances insulin production and reduces glucagon secretion, aiding in regulating glucose levels in the blood. Saxagliptin is available in two strengths, 2.5 mg, and 5 mg, and is generally prescribed to be taken once daily, which can be with or without meals. So, if you want to buy Onglyza to manage type 2 diabetes, you need to get a prescription from your doctor.
Product Overview
Onglyza (saxagliptin) is a prescription drug designed to manage Type 2 diabetes. As a member of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors drug class, it functions by boosting levels of incretin hormones, which enhance insulin production and reduce glucagon secretion. This dual action helps to regulate your blood sugar levels effectively.
Onglyza is a tablet medication available in 2.5 mg and 5 mg dosages. It is generally well-received by patients, although some common side effects, such as infections of the upper respiratory and urinary tract, headaches, and joint pain, occur.
Patients with a history of severe allergies to saxagliptin or those suffering from diabetic ketoacidosis should avoid using Onglyza. It may also require dosage adjustments in cases of renal impairment or when used concurrently with potent CYP450 3A4/5 inhibitors. Patients with a history of pancreatitis, heart disease, or gallstones should use this medication cautiously.
Uses of Onglyza
- It helps keep sugar levels in check.
- It manages how much insulin your body makes after you eat.
Benefits of Onglyza
- When used along with a healthy diet and regular exercise, Onglyza helps adults with type 2 diabetes control their blood sugar better.
Side Effects of Onglyza
Common side effects of Onglyza may include:
- Urinary tract infections
- Common cold or sinusitis
- Joint pain
- Headache
[Note: This list is not exhaustive, if you notice any other symptoms that are not mentioned above, consult your doctor immediately.]
Onglyza Dosage
Forms & Strengths
It comes in a tablet form and has the following strengths:
- 2.5 mg
- 5 mg
Recommended Dosages
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Take 2.5 to 5 mg by mouth once a day.
- If you’re also using drugs that increase insulin levels, like sulfonylurea, you might need a lower dose.
- When taking strong CYP450 3A4/5 inhibitors, limit the dose to 2.5 mg once a day.
Renal Impairment
- If your creatinine clearance (CrCl) is 50 mL/min or more, you don’t need to change the dose.
- If your CrCl is below 50 mL/min, take no more than 2.5 mg once a day.
- If you are on hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease (ESRD), take no more than 2.5 mg once a day after dialysis.
- If you are on peritoneal dialysis for ESRD, the correct dose hasn’t been determined.
How to Take Onglyza?
- Always take Onglyza exactly as your doctor has instructed. Don’t change your dose or stop taking it unless your doctor tells you to.
- Usually, the dose is either 2.5 mg or 5 mg once a day. Your doctor will decide the best Onglyza dose for you, depending on your health and how well the medication works for you.
- Onglyza can be taken with or without food. To help you remember, try to take it at the same time each day.
- Swallow the Onglyza tablet whole with a glass of water. Please do not crush, chew, or break it.
- Expect your doctor to regularly check your blood sugar levels and adjust your dose if necessary to keep your diabetes under control.
Missed Dose
If you need to remember to take your Onglyza, take it as soon as you remember. If your next dose is soon, skip the one you missed and stick to your regular schedule. Never take two Onglyza doses at once to make up for a missed dose.
[Note: Do not take two doses of Onglyza at the same time to compensate for a missed dose. This can increase your chance of experiencing severe side effects.]
Overdose
If someone takes too much Onglyza, they might experience signs of low blood sugar, which are serious and require immediate attention. Symptoms of an overdose can include extreme weakness, confusion, shaking, and sweating. Other signs are a rapid heartbeat, trouble speaking, nausea, and vomiting. In severe cases, fast breathing, fainting, and seizures may occur. If you or someone else has these symptoms after taking Onglyza, it’s important to seek medical help right away.
[Note: If you notice you have taken too much medication, call your local emergency number immediately.]
How Does Onglyza Work?
Onglyza (saxagliptin) inhibits the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), which normally breaks down incretin hormones like GLP-1 and GIP. These hormones, released after eating, help increase insulin release and decrease glucagon release when blood sugar is high. By blocking DPP-4, Onglyza boosts incretin levels, enhancing insulin production and reducing glucagon, thereby lowering blood sugar levels.
Important Safety Precautions
- Avoid Onglyza if allergic to saxagliptin or if experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis.
- Notify your doctor if you have conditions like gallstones, a history of alcoholism, high triglycerides, heart disease, pancreatitis, or kidney disease.
- Talk to your doctor about Onglyza if you’re pregnant or intend to become pregnant.
- Discuss breastfeeding while on Onglyza with your doctor.
- Onglyza is not suitable for individuals under 18 years old.
Storage
- Store Onglyza at room temperature (25°C), away from moisture, and in a dark space.
- Keep all medicines out of the reach of children and pets, and do not store them in the bathroom.
- Consult your local waste disposal company for guidance on properly disposing expired or unneeded medication.
- Do not flush medicines down the drain unless instructed to do so.
Onglyza Interactions
- Beta-Blockers (such as metoprolol and propranolol): These drugs can hide the common symptoms of low blood sugar, making it harder to detect.
- CYP3A4/5 Inducers (such as rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, and St. John’s Wort): These drugs can lower saxagliptin levels, potentially reducing their effectiveness.
- Thiazolidinediones (such as pioglitazone and rosiglitazone): When combined with Onglyza, there’s an increased risk of heart failure.
- Insulin and Sulfonylureas (such as glipizide and glyburide): Using Onglyza with these drugs can raise the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
- CYP3A4/5 Inhibitors (such as ketoconazole, ritonavir, itraconazole, and clarithromycin): These drugs can boost saxagliptin levels in the blood, enhancing the chance of side effects.
- Digoxin: Onglyza may slightly increase digoxin levels in the blood.
[Note: This list of interactions isn’t complete. Talk to your doctor if you notice any interaction with food, over-the-counter drugs, prescriptions, or supplements.]
Onglyza Alternatives
- Ozempic (semaglutide)
- Farxiga (dapagliflozin)
- Glucotrol XL (glipizide)
- Bydureon BCise, Byetta (exenatide)
- Trulicity (dulaglutide)
- Levemir (insulin detemir)
- Januvia (sitagliptin)
- Invokana (canagliflozin)
- Jardiance (empagliflozin)
- Victoza (liraglutide)
- Lantus, Basaglar, Toujeo (insulin glargine)
- Amaryl (glimepiride)
- Tresiba (insulin degludec)
- Tradjenta (linagliptin)
[Note: Your healthcare provider will choose which Onglyza alternative is best for you. Taking or consuming them by yourself may cause serious side effects.]
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the half-life of Onglyza?
The half-life of Onglyza, which contains the active ingredient saxagliptin, is the duration required for half of the drug to be cleared from the bloodstream. Research involving healthy subjects who were administered a single oral dose of 5 mg of Onglyza revealed the mean plasma terminal half-life for saxagliptin to be approximately 2.5 hours. Additionally, the active metabolite of saxagliptin exhibited a slightly longer half-life, averaging around 3.1 hours.
Can Onglyza cause heart problems?
After reviewing various clinical studies, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) decided to update the safety information regarding Onglyza and similar medications that contain saxagliptin and alogliptin. This updated warning highlights an increased risk of heart failure associated with these drugs. The likelihood of experiencing heart problems is particularly high in individuals who have pre-existing heart or kidney diseases. This decision by the FDA aims to inform patients and healthcare providers about the potential cardiovascular risks linked to these medications.
Can Onglyza cause hypoglycemia?
Onglyza reduces blood sugar levels by enhancing the body’s insulin production post-meal. It generally does not cause dangerously low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia) on its own, as its effectiveness decreases when blood sugar is low. Nonetheless, there is still a possibility of experiencing hypoglycemia when using Onglyza.
What is the best time to take Onglyza?
Onglyza should be taken daily at about the same time. Consistently taking your tablet at the same time every day will maximize its effectiveness.
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