Human Insulin 

Novolin

Novolin is FDA-approved for managing diabetes mellitus. It may also be used to treat hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state and ketoacidosis. It contains insulin isophane and is available in different forms, such as Novolin R (Regular insulin) and Novolin N (NPH insulin), as well as combinations of these two types. Administer novolin subcutaneously 30 minutes before meals. The medication dosage depends on the patient’s age, condition, needs and response to the treatment. If you have a query regarding usage, potential risks and benefits of the medication, consult your doctor and follow their guidance regarding storage, disposal and dosage.

Product Overview

Novolin is an essential insulin-based medication used for the management of diabetes mellitus. It comprises insulin analogs that closely mimic the body’s natural insulin, effectively regulating blood sugar levels by facilitating the breakdown of food components and promoting sugar absorption from the bloodstream. Novolin is available in different formulations, including Novolin R (Regular insulin) and Novolin N (NPH insulin), as well as combinations of these two types.

The strength of Novolin varies depending on the specific product, with options like Novolin 70/30 providing a mix of 70% NPH insulin and 30% regular insulin. Patients are advised to administer Novolin subcutaneously, approximately 30 minutes before meals, with dosage individualized based on metabolic needs and blood glucose monitoring results. Novolin is suitable for individuals with diabetes mellitus who require insulin therapy for blood sugar control.

However, patients should be aware of potential side effects such as hypoglycemia, weight gain, and allergic reactions. It’s essential to take precautions, including regular blood sugar monitoring and not sharing insulin pens or syringes. In case of a missed dose, follow the guidance of a healthcare provider, and for overdose, seek immediate medical attention. Novolin should be appropriately stored, with unopened vials refrigerated and opened vials kept at room temperature for a limited time. Always consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and dosage adjustments.

Uses

Targeted Treatment 

It improves glycemic control in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. 

Benefits

Novolin also treats the following conditions: 

• Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
• Diabetic ketoacidosis

[Note: Do not take Novolin without consulting your doctor. They will determine whether you need this medication based on your conditions.]

Novolin Dosage

Forms & Strengths

Form: Novolin R

Strength: 100 units/ml

Form: Novolin N

Strength: 100 units/ml 

Form: Novolin 70/30

Strength: 100 units per mL with 70% NPH insulin and 30% regular insulin.

Recommended Dosages

Type 1 Diabetes 

• Initial dose: 0.5-1 unit/kg/day SC. 
• Nonobese individuals: 0.4-0.6 unit/kg/day
• Obese individuals: 0.8-1.2 units/kg/day

Type 2 Diabetes 

• Morning Dose: two-third of daily insulin SC. 
• Evening Dose: one-third of daily insulin SC

[Note: Remember, these recommendations may vary from person to person. Discuss it with your doctor, and they’ll customize your dosage accordingly.]

How to Take It?

• Carefully read the patient information leaflet that comes along with your prescription and follow the instructions given by your doctor. 
• If you have any questions regarding medication usage, missed doses and interactions, ask your doctor or healthcare provider before use. 
• Before using, your doctor will show you how to administer the insulin safely and effectively. 
• Before using, you may gently roll the cartridge or vial by turning it upside down. Do not shake the medication. 
• Before using, check the medication for any unusual change in appearance. Do not use it if it is discolored, clumpy or has particles. 
• Properly wash your hands with soap and water before administering the insulin. 
• Clean the site with a cotton swab and rubbing alcohol before injecting. 
• Constantly rotate the injection site to avoid getting lumps and pits under your skin. 
• As directed by your doctor, inject this medication under the skin of the abdomen, front thigh, buttocks, or upper arm. 
• Do not inject the insulin into a muscle or vein. 
• Do not inject into skin that is red, torn, damaged, itchy, swollen or has stretch marks in it. 
• You should not inject cold insulin as it may be painful. It is essential to store opened or in-use medications at average room temperature. 
• Do not freeze the medication. Discard it safely if frozen. 
• Novolin may be mixed only with certain insulins and medications like insulin regular. 
• You should always draw the insulin regularly into the syringe, followed by the long-acting insulin.
• NPH insulin can also be combined with Regular insulin (R). These two insulin types (NPH and R) are commonly administered in the same syringe for optimal therapeutic outcomes.
• Novolin should not be mixed with other insulins when administered intravenously. 
• Do not change the insulin’s brand, type and dosage without consulting your doctor. 
• Do not share your injectable pens, syringes and cartridges with others, even if the needle is changed, as it may cause infection to spread from one person to another. 
• The insulin dosage is based on your age, condition, needs and your body’s response to treatment. 
• You should measure your dose very carefully, as even a tiny change in the dosage may result in unwanted side effects. 
• You should check your blood glucose levels regularly and share the report with your doctor to help them determine the correct dose for you. 
• To get the most benefit from your medication, it is essential to use this medication regularly. 
• Let your doctor know if your condition does not improve or worsen. 

[Note: Your doctor will decide the right amount for you based on your condition, following guidelines and studies on the drug. They’ll adjust it as needed over time.]

How Does Novolin Work?

Novolin contains insulin analogs that work the same as insulin that naturally occurs in the body. It regulates blood sugar by breaking down carbohydrates, fats and proteins and facilitates the absorption of sugar from the bloodstream. Regular insulin is fast-acting, commencing its action within 30 minutes and maintaining its effectiveness for up to 8 hours. In contrast, insulin isophane (NPH) takes around 90 minutes to begin working and offers sustained blood sugar control for approximately 24 hours. When used in combination, these two insulins can provide enhanced blood glucose management. Novolin 70/30 works swiftly and provides a long-lasting, consistent effect throughout the day. Additionally, it helps minimize the fluctuations in blood sugar levels that can happen while using insulin analogs alone. 

Important Safety Information

Side Effects

Common side effects of Novolin may include: 

• Low Blood Sugar
• Swelling in Hands or Feet
• Weight Gain
• Thickening or Hollowing of Skin at Injection Sites
• Itching and Mild Skin Rash

Adverse side effects of Novolin may include:

• Seizures
• Severe allergic reaction
• Severe hypoglycemia
• Hypokalemia
• Edema

[Note: This list may not cover all possible side effects. Always consult with your healthcare giver for medical advice about side effects.]

Warnings

• Novolin is an insulin for subcutaneous use only. Do not use intravenously or intramuscularly. 
• It is not recommended for use in patients with diabetic coma. 
• Do not share a Novolin 70/30 FlexPen or syringe between patients, even if the needle is changed, as it may cause infection to spread from one person to another. 
• Monitor closely and increase blood glucose monitoring frequency with changes in insulin regimen.
• Monitor potassium levels in at-risk patients. Such patients may require dosage adjustments. 
• If hypersensitivity reactions occur, discontinue Novolin and seek immediate medical attention. 
• If you are pregnant, planning to get pregnant or if you are breastfeeding a baby, let your doctor know; they are most likely to make adjustments to your existing dosage. 

Precautions

• Hypoglycemia is the most common adverse side effect of Novolin. If left untreated, it may lead to lack of consciousness, coma or, in some cases, even death. 
• Do not mix Novolin with other medications or insulin unless instructed by your doctor.
• Before each injection, ensure you have the correct insulin type and dosage. 
• Before use, check your insulin for any unusual change in appearance. Do not use it if it is discolored, cloudy or has particles. 
• Before using the insulin, let your doctor know if you have problems related to the kidney, liver or heart. 
• Do not use insulin if you have severe low blood sugar. 
• Do not inject Novolin through insulin pumps.
• Dosage adjustments will be based on the patient’s metabolic needs, blood glucose monitoring results, and glycemic control goals.
• Constantly rotate the injection spot to prevent lumps and pits from forming under your skin. 
• Do not inject into skin that is torn, damaged, red, swollen or has stretch marks. 
• It is unsafe to consume alcohol while receiving treatment with Novolin.
• Do not drive, operate heavy machinery or indulge in activities that require your attention unless you determine how the insulin affects you. 

Contraindications 

Novolin is contraindicated for use in patients:

• Who have a known hypersensitivity to Novolin or any of its excipients.
• During episodes of hypoglycemia

Missed Dose

• If you missed a dose of Novolin, take it as soon as you remember. 
• However, if it is almost time to take your next dose, you can skip the missed dose and take the next dose of Novolin as per your dosing schedule. 
• Contact your doctor immediately if you are still uncertain when to take your missed dose.

[Note: If you have missed a medication dose and are unsure when to take the next one, immediately consult your doctor or pharmacist.]

Overdose

If you take any insulin, including Novolin, it can cause hypoglycemia and hypokalemia. You should not miss a meal or indulge in strenuous physical activity. Symptoms of an overdose happen suddenly. Look for signs and symptoms such as cold sweat, fatigue, tremors, weakness, confusion, blurred vision, nausea and anxiousness. Severe hypoglycemia, if left untreated, may result in unconsciousness, coma and death. If the patient has passed out, is having seizures, has difficulty breathing or can’t be woken up, immediately seek medical assistance. You can call 911 or head to the nearest emergency room.

[Note: If you consumed more than the recommended dose, get medical help immediately or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.]

Storage

• Keep unopened Novolin at a temperature below 77°F for up to 6 weeks.
• Vials that are not in use or unopened may be kept in the refrigerator until expiration.
• It may also be kept at room temperature for up to 42 days.  
• Safely dispose of the used vials after 42 days, even if it has insulin. 
• Unopened pre-filled insulin pens may be kept in the refrigerator until their expiration date or at average room temperature for up to 28 days. 
• Do not refrigerate opened and in-use Novolin pens, cartridges and vials. 
• Keep the medication in a dark and dry place away from direct light, excess heat and moisture.  
• Keep all insulins, including Novolin, in a safe place away from the sight and reach of the children. 
• Do not freeze the insulin; do not use it if it is frozen, as it may be painful.
• Throw away the frozen insulin and get a new one from your pharmacist. 
• Dispose of all syringes, injectable pens and needles in a sharps container. ‘
• If you do not have a sharps container, you can use a container made of hard plastic and a tightly fitting lid. 
• For more information on the proper disposal of insulin, contact your healthcare provider or local waste disposal company. 

[Note: Discuss with your healthcare professional the proper disposal of unused medicine and any questions you may have regarding its storage.]

Novolin Interactions

• Antidiabetic agents 
• ACE inhibitors
• Antipsychotics 
• Alcohol 
• Angiotensin II receptor-blocking agents
• Beta-blockers 
• Corticosteroids 
• Disopyramide
• Diuretics 
• Fibrates
• Estrogens
• Glucagon 
• Fluoxetine
• Oral contraceptives 
• Protease inhibitors
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
• Pentoxifylline
• Pramlintide
• Reserpine 
• Salicylates
• Somatostatin analog

[Note: This isn’t a complete list, and there could be other drugs that interact with Novolin. Tell your doctor any prescription, over-the-counter medicines, and herbal products you’re taking.]

Novolin Alternatives

• Humulin N (insulin isophane)
• Tresiba FlexTouch (insulin degludec)
• Lantus (insulin glargine) 
• Novolog (insulin aspart)
• Apidra (insulin glulisine)
• Humalog (insulin lispro)

[Note: Your doctor will choose what’s best for you. Don’t use any of these alternative medications without consulting your healthcare provider. Taking them by yourself may cause serious side effects.] 

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Is it necessary to refrigerate Novolin 70/30 Insulin?

All unopened Novolin 70/30 should be kept in the refrigerator b/w 36°F & 46°F (2°C and 8°C). It should not be frozen. Novolin 70/30 should not be used once it has been frozen. If refrigeration is not feasible, storing the unopened vial at room temperature for up to 42 days (6 weeks) is possible, provided that the temperature is kept below 77°F (25°C).

2. How long can a Novolin Insulin pen be kept at room temperature?

The storage parameters (unopened) of Novolin 70/30 insulin are as follows:

• Keep it below 77°F (25°C) for up to 6 weeks.
• Keep vials away from direct light and heat and from the presence of other products.
• Throw away fully used vials after six weeks (42 days) of use, no matter how much insulin is left in the vial.

3. How does Novolin Insulin differ from other insulins?

Compared to faster-acting insulins, Novolin ge NPH is a longer-acting insulin, which means that it will lower your blood sugar within 112 hours of being taken, and the effects will last approximately 24 hours. Novolin ge NPH is often used with fast-acting insulins to achieve the best results.

4. Can you take Novolin 70-30 more than once a day?

There is usually no need to administer more than two Novolin 70-30 injections during the day. However, you should administer one every two to three hours, depending on the type of meal you will consume. It is usually recommended to administer Novolin 70/30 insulin two times a day.

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