Prednisone
Prednisone
Prednisone is an FDA-approved corticosteroid with Prednisone as its active ingredient. It is renowned for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. It is commonly prescribed for conditions like allergic reactions, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, skin issues, and inflammatory bowel disease. Prednisone alleviates inflammation by suppressing the immune system. It is available in tablets, oral solutions, and delayed-release forms with strengths ranging from 1 to 50 mg. Your healthcare provider will determine the Prednisone dosage depending on your needs. It is typically taken orally with food to minimize stomach discomfort. It’s suitable for both adults and children. Side effects may include increased appetite, weight gain, mood changes, and fluid retention. Severe complications like osteoporosis and diabetes may occur due to long-term use. Strict adherence to healthcare provider guidance is crucial for safe and effective usage.
Product Overview
Prednisone is an FDA-approved medication classified as a corticosteroid. Its active ingredient is Prednisone, and it is known for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. Prednisone is commonly prescribed to treat a variety of conditions, including allergic reactions, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, certain skin conditions, and inflammatory bowel disease. These conditions involve inflammation in the body, which Prednisone helps to reduce by suppressing the immune system’s response.
Prednisone is available in various forms, including tablets, oral solutions, and delayed-release tablets. The strengths of Prednisone tablets typically range from 1 mg to 50 mg. The prescribed Prednisone dosage depends on the specific condition being treated and the patient’s needs. It’s usually taken orally with food to minimize stomach upset. Prednisone is suitable for adults and children, but the dosage and duration of treatment may vary depending on age, weight, and medical condition. It’s essential to follow your healthcare provider’s prescribed dosage and administration instructions.
Prednisone side effects may include increased appetite, weight gain, mood changes, insomnia, and fluid retention. Long-term use or high doses may lead to more severe side effects such as osteoporosis, glaucoma, diabetes, and suppression of the adrenal glands. It’s essential to take Prednisone precisely as prescribed and to discuss any concerns or side effects with your healthcare provider. Precautions should be taken when using Prednisone, especially in individuals with a history of certain medical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, or peptic ulcer disease. You should strictly adhere to your healthcare provider’s instructions for safe and effective use.
Uses
Targeted Treatment
- Asthma
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Lupus
- Psoriasis
- Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Benefits
- Manage chronic pain, nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy.
- Improve appetite and weight gain.
- Manage symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease.
- Alleviate symptoms of acute respiratory infections
- Manage certain types of cancer symptoms in combination with other drugs.
[Note: Do not take Lantus for treating diabetic ketoacidosis. Your doctor will determine whether you need this medication based on your conditions.]
How to Use Prednisone?
Forms & Strengths
Form 1: Oral tablets
Strengths: 1 mg, 5 mg, 20 mg, 50 mg
Form 2: Liquid solution
Strength: 5 mg/5 ml
Form 3: Injectable solution
Strength: 40 mg/ml (administered via intramuscular or intravenous injection)
Recommended Dosage
For Allergic Reactions
- Adults: The initial dose of Prednisone is 5 to 60 mg orally daily.
- Children: The initial dose of Prednisone is 5 to 60 mg orally daily.
For Multiple Sclerosis
- Adults: The initial dose is 200 mg orally daily for up to 1 week. Then 80 mg every alternative day for one month.
For Asthma (Acute)
-
- Adults:
- In short-course “burst” therapy, initially 40 to 80 mg orally once daily or in 2 divided doses is recommended.
- In outpatient “burst” therapy, initially, 40 to 60 mg orally once daily or in 2 divided doses for a total of 5 to 10 days is recommended.
- Adults:
- Children (Less than 12 Years Old):
-
-
- In short-course “burst” therapy, 1-2 mg/kg orally in 2 divided doses is recommended.
- The maximum dose is 60 mg daily.
- The duration of treatment is 3-10 days.
-
- Children (12 Years or Older):
-
- In short-course “burst” therapy, 40-80 mg orally once a day or in 2 divided doses.
- For outpatient “burst” therapy, 40 to 60 mg orally once daily or in 2 divided doses.
- The duration of treatment is 5 to 10 days.
For Asthma (Maintenance)
-
- Adults: The recommended dose is 7.5-60 mg orally once daily or every alternative day.
- Children (Less than 12 Years Old): 0.25-2 mg/kg orally once daily or every alternative day.
- 12 Years or Older: 7.5-60 mg orally once daily or every alternative day.
For Nephrotic Syndrome
- Adults:
- The initial episode dose is 1 mg/kg (up to 80 mg/day) orally once daily.
- 2 mg/kg (up to 120 mg) orally once every alternative day.
- The duration of therapy is 4 to 16 weeks.
- Once remission is achieved, taper slowly (up to 6 months).
- Children (1 Year or Older):
- The initial episode is 60 mg/m2 or 2 mg/kg (up to 60 mg/day) orally once daily.
- Duration is 4 to 6 weeks.
- Follow with alternate-day therapy (up to 40 mg/day orally once daily on alternate days for 2 to 5 months with tapering of dose.
- The duration of therapy is at least 12 weeks.
[Note: Remember, these Prednisone dosage recommendations may vary from person to person. Discuss it with your doctor, and they’ll customize your dosage accordingly.]
How to Take It?
- Follow your prescription instructions closely.
- Take with food or milk to minimize stomach upset.
- Take at the same time each day.
- Swallow tablets whole with water; don’t crush or chew them.
- Use a measuring device for liquid forms.
- Don’t stop abruptly; follow your healthcare provider’s tapering instructions.
- Stay hydrated while taking Prednisone.
- Monitor for side effects and report any concerns to your healthcare provider.
- Attend regular follow-up appointments.
[Note: Your doctor will decide the proper Prednisone dosage for you based on your condition, following guidelines and studies on the drug. They’ll adjust it as needed over time.]
How Does Prednisone Work?
Prednisone is a corticosteroid that mimics the actions of cortisol, a hormone produced naturally by the adrenal glands. It suppresses inflammation and immune responses by inhibiting the production of inflammatory substances, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes, and by blocking the activity of specific immune cells. This anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect helps to alleviate symptoms associated with conditions such as inflammation, autoimmune disorders, allergies, and certain types of cancer.
Important Safety Information
Side Effects
Common side effects of Prednisone may include:
- Increased appetite
- Weight gain
- Fluid retention
- Insomnia
- Mood changes
- Increased sweating
- Acne
- Changes in menstruation
Mild side effects of Prednisone may include:
- Nausea
- Heartburn
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Muscle weakness
- Thinning of the skin
- Easy bruising
- Slow wound healing
Serious side effects of Prednisone may include:
- Increased risk of infections
- High blood pressure
- High blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia)
- Osteoporosis
- Glaucoma or cataracts
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Mood disorders such as depression or anxiety
- Stomach ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding
- Allergic reactions, including rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing
[Note: This list may not cover all Prednisone side effects. Always consult with your healthcare giver for medical advice about side effects.]
Warnings
- Infections Risk: Prednisone can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections. Avoid close contact with individuals who have contagious illnesses such as chickenpox or measles. Report any signs of infection, such as fever, sore throat, or cough, to your healthcare provider.
- Vaccination Risk: Avoid receiving any immunizations (vaccines) while undergoing Prednisone treatment without consulting your doctor first. Prednisone may weaken your body’s immune response, reducing the effectiveness of vaccines or increasing the risk of contracting the targeted infection.
- Bone Health: Long-term use of Prednisone can lead to bone loss (osteoporosis), increasing the risk of fractures. Your healthcare provider may recommend calcium and vitamin D supplements or other medications to help protect your bones.
- Glucose Intolerance: Prednisone can raise blood sugar levels, particularly in individuals with diabetes or those at risk for diabetes. Monitor your blood sugar levels closely and report any changes to your healthcare provider.
- Eye Problems: Prolonged use of Prednisone can increase the risk of cataracts and glaucoma. Regular eye exams are recommended while taking Prednisone.
- Psychiatric Effects: Prednisone may cause mood swings, irritability, agitation, and other psychiatric symptoms. Report any changes in mood or behavior to your healthcare provider.
- Adrenal Insufficiency: Long-term use of Prednisone can suppress the body’s natural production of cortisol, leading to adrenal insufficiency. Your healthcare provider may adjust your dosage gradually to prevent this complication.
- Withdrawal Symptoms: Abruptly stopping Prednisone can cause withdrawal symptoms such as fatigue, muscle or joint pain, fever, and difficulty sleeping. Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for tapering off the medication.
- Stomach Irritation: Prednisone can irritate the stomach lining, increasing the risk of ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding. Taking Prednisone with food or milk may help reduce stomach upset.
- Fluid Retention and Electrolyte Imbalance: Prednisone can cause fluid and sodium retention, leading to high blood pressure and electrolyte imbalances. Monitor your blood pressure and report any swelling or sudden weight gain to your healthcare provider.
- Pregnancy Risk: Using Prednisone during pregnancy can harm the unborn baby. Effective birth control should be used, and if pregnancy occurs, inform your doctor immediately.
- Breastfeeding Risk: Prednisone can affect milk production and infant growth. Consult your healthcare provider to assess the individual situation and make an informed decision.
Precautions
- Since Prednisone can weaken your immune system, minimize exposure to sick or infected individuals. Practice good hygiene, such as frequent handwashing.
- If you have diabetes or are at risk for developing it, monitor your blood sugar levels regularly while taking Prednisone. Be mindful of any changes and inform your healthcare provider.
- Long-term use of Prednisone can lead to bone loss. Ensure an adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, and discuss any bone health concerns with your healthcare provider.
- Keep up with your scheduled appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor your condition and potential side effects of Prednisone.
- Be aware of any mood swings, irritability, or other changes in your mental health while taking Prednisone. Inform your healthcare provider promptly if you experience any concerning symptoms.
- If you’ve been taking Prednisone for an extended period, do not stop suddenly. Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for tapering off the medication to prevent withdrawal symptoms and adrenal insufficiency.
- Long-term use of Prednisone can increase the risk of cataracts and glaucoma. Attend regular eye exams and inform your doctor that you are taking Prednisone.
- To minimize stomach upset, take Prednisone with food or milk unless directed by your healthcare provider.
- Drink plenty of fluids while taking Prednisone to prevent dehydration, especially if you’re experiencing increased urination as a side effect.
- Let your healthcare provider know about all the medications, supplements, or herbal products you take to avoid potential Prednisone interactions.
Contraindications
- In the presence of active untreated infections
- If there is a history of hypersensitivity to Prednisone or any of its components.
- Avoid live vaccines while taking Prednisone.
- In individuals with uncontrolled hypertension.
- Recent myocardial infarction (within the past three months)
- Systemic fungal infections
- Systemic sclerosis
Missed Dose
- Take the missed Prednisone dose as soon as recall unless it is close to the upcoming dose.
- Refrain from doubling doses to make up for missed ones.
- Consider setting reminders to help remember doses.
[Note: If you have missed a Prednisone dosage and are unsure when to take the next one, immediately consult your doctor or pharmacist.]
Overdose
You should not consume more than the prescribed Prednisone dosage. Symptoms of overdose may include:
- Increased thirst
- Increased urination
- Confusion
- Dizziness
- Fainting
- Seizures
- Severe headache
[Note: If you consumed more than the recommended Prednisone dosage, get medical help immediately or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.]
Storage
- Store Prednisone at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.
- Keep the container tightly closed when not in use to protect the medication from moisture and air exposure.
- Store Prednisone out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion.
- Do not freeze Prednisone, as freezing may affect its stability and efficacy.
- Only flush medication down the toilet if instructed to do so.
[Note: Discuss with your healthcare professional about the proper disposal of any unused Prednisone medicine and any questions you may have regarding its storage.]
Prednisone Interactions
- Bronchodilators/Corticosteroids:
- Advair Diskus
- Symbicort
- ProAir HFA
- Spiriva
- Flonase
- Anticoagulants/Antiplatelets:
- Eliquis
- Warfarin
- Coumadin
- Jantoven
- Cymbalta
- Xanax
- Benadryl
- Lyrica
- Metoprolol Succinate ER
- Mucinex
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (Nexium, Protonix)
- Plaquenil
- Aspirin Low Strength
- Tylenol
- Norco
- Lipitor
- Lexapro
- Synthroid
- Zofran
- Vitamins/Supplements:
- Fish Oil
- Vitamin B12
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin D3
- Flexeril
- NSAIDs (ibuprofen, Advil, Motrin)
[Note: This isn’t a complete list, and there could be other drugs that interact with Prednisone. Tell your doctor any prescription, over-the-counter medicines, and herbal products you’re taking.]
Prednisone Alternatives
- Dexamethasone (dexamethasone)
- Trexall (methotrexate sodium)
- CellCept (mycophenolate)
- Mercaptopurine (mercaptopurine)
- Imuran (azathioprine)
- Arava (leflunomide)
[Note: Your doctor will choose the best Prednisone alternative for you. Don’t use any of these alternative medications without consulting your healthcare provider. Taking them by yourself may cause serious side effects.]
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Can I take Prednisone with food?
Yes, you can take Prednisone with food. Doing so may help reduce stomach irritation that can sometimes occur when taking this medication. However, following your doctor’s instructions regarding the timing and dosage of Prednisone is essential. Consult your healthcare provider if you have any concerns or specific dietary restrictions.
2. Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Prednisone?
Although there’s no direct drug interaction between Prednisone and alcohol, combining them is not recommended. Alcohol and Prednisone share similar effects, increasing the risk of side effects like blood sugar changes, stomach damage, and more. Consult your doctor to minimize risks while on Prednisone treatment.
3. How long does it take for Prednisone to work?
Prednisone requires approximately 11 to 16.5 hours to be eliminated from your body after ingestion. Its half-life (the time taken for half the drug to be removed) is 2 to 3 hours. Remember, its therapeutic effects depend on the treated condition and the individual’s response.
4. Can I take Prednisone during pregnancy?
Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can be used during pregnancy if the benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. The risks may include cleft palate, reduced placental and birth weight, and adrenal suppression.
5. Can I stop taking Prednisone myself?
Stopping Prednisone abruptly can lead to withdrawal symptoms, including severe fatigue, weakness, joint pain, nausea, and mood swings. Taper your dosage gradually under your healthcare provider’s guidance to prevent withdrawal. The duration of tapering varies based on your condition and treatment.
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