Empagliflozin & Linagliptin
Glyxambi
Glyxambi is an FDA-approved combination medication containing empagliflozin and linagliptin, used to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The oral tablet has two strengths: 0 mg empagliflozin/5 mg linagliptin and 25 mg empagliflozin/5 mg linagliptin to be taken once in the morning, with or without food. Do not use the medication if you are allergic to empagliflozin, linagliptin or any other ingredient in Glyxambi. Regular monitoring of blood sugar and ketone levels is essential, especially under conditions that may affect glucose control, such as illness or stress. Consult your doctor or healthcare provider for personalized advice on usage, dosage and storage.
Product Overview
Glyxambi is a combination oral medication containing empagliflozin and linagliptin, specifically formulated to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Empagliflozin works by helping the kidneys eliminate glucose from the bloodstream, while linagliptin increases insulin levels after meals and decreases glucose production by the liver. This dual-action approach effectively regulates blood sugar levels, especially when combined with a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight reduction, as a healthcare provider advises.
The medication is available in tablet form with two strengths: 10 mg empagliflozin/5 mg linagliptin and 25 mg empagliflozin/5 mg linagliptin. It should be taken once daily, preferably at the same time each day, with or without food. Regular monitoring of blood sugar and ketone levels is essential, especially under conditions that may affect glucose control, such as illness or stress.
Common glyxambi side effects of Glyxambi include bladder infections, depression, nausea, and headaches. Patients should exercise caution when taking this medication, particularly those with kidney or liver problems, and avoid excessive alcohol intake. In case of a missed dose should be taken as soon as remembered unless it is close to the time for the next dose. For an overdose, seek immediate medical attention. Glyxambi should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat, and disposed of properly when no longer needed.
Uses
Targeted Treatment
- It improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Benefits
- It improves blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes.
- It reduces the risk of death and hospitalization from cardiovascular disease if you have type 2 diabetes.
- It prevents serious complications associated with diabetes, such as vision problems, loss of limbs, and nerve & sexual function issues.
- It regulates insulin levels after eating and assists the kidneys in getting rid of glucose from the bloodstream.
[Note: Do not take Glyxambi without consulting your doctor. They will determine whether you need this medication based on your conditions.]
Glyxambi Dosage
Forms & Strengths
Form: Oral tablet
Strength: It has these two following strengths:
- 10 mg empagliflozin/5 mg linagliptin
- 25 mg empagliflozin/5 mg linagliptin
Recommended Dosages
For Diabetes 2 Type Patients
- Initial adult dose: Empagliflozin 10 mg-linagliptin 5 mg to be taken orally once daily, with or without food.
- Maximum adult dose: Empagliflozin 25 mg-linagliptin 5 mg per day.
[Note: Remember, these recommendations may vary from person to person. Discuss it with your doctor, and they’ll customize your dosage accordingly.]
How to Take It?
- Before using Glyxambi for the first time and after getting refills, carefully read the patient information leaflet given by your pharmacist and follow the instructions provided by your doctor for safe and efficient use of the medication.
- You must take this medication by mouth as directed by your doctor, typically once daily in the morning, with or without a meal. If you have any queries or concerns regarding this medication, ask your doctor or healthcare provider before use.
- Monitor your blood sugar regularly, and you may also be required to test for ketone levels in your urine as Glyxambi may cause life-threatening ketoacidosis. You should contact your doctor if a urine test indicates high levels of ketones in your urine, even if your blood glucose levels are satisfactory.
- The dose of the medication depends on your age, condition and body’s response to treatment.
- Glyxambi can affect your blood sugar levels, especially if your body is under stress due to illness, surgery, exercise, alcoholism or skipping meals.
- Hypoglycemia can make you feel dizzy, irritable, hungry, or shaky. To get quick relief from low blood sugar, eat or drink sugar-containing food items and beverages. In case of severe hypoglycemia, your doctor may prescribe a glucagon injection.
- If you have been ill for a long time, if your food intake is less than usual or if you are sick with severe vomiting or diarrhea, you may be dehydrated.
[Note: Your doctor will decide the right amount for you based on your condition, following guidelines and studies on the drug. They’ll adjust it as needed over time.]
How Does Glyxambi Work?
Glyxambi is a combination of two antidiabetic medications: Empagliflozin and Linagliptin. Empagliflozin removes excess glucose from your body, and Linagliptin regulates the insulin levels after a meal. Linagliptin works by increasing levels of incretins (a natural substance) in the body, which helps control blood sugar levels by increasing insulin release, especially after eating. Linagliptin also works by blocking a protein called DPP-4 (Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4) in the body. When combined, the two medications also reduce glucose production by the liver.
Important Safety Information
Side Effects
Common side effects of Glyxambi may include:
- Bladder infection
- Depression
- Nausea
- Headache
- Sweating
- Chills
- Dry mouth
- Nightmares
- Dizziness
- Vomiting
Mild side effects of Glyxambi may include:
- Yellow eyes or skin
- Unexplained weight loss
- Chest pain or tightness
- Trouble breathing
- Indigestion
- Bloating
Adverse side effects of Glyxambi may include:
- Bullous pemphigoid
- Pancreatitis
- Fournier’s gangrene
- Heart failure
- Ketoacidosis
- Severe urinary tract infection
- Dehydration
- Severe joint pain
- Allergic reaction
[Note: This list may not cover all possible side effects. Always consult with your healthcare giver for medical advice about side effects.]
Warnings
- Glyxambi may affect your vision and thinking abilities. Do not drive, operate heavy machinery or indulge in activities that require your attention unless you determine how this medication affects you.
- Glyxambi should be used with caution in patients who have problems related to their kidneys or liver. Such patients may require a dosage adjustment.
- You should not use Glyxambi if you are on dialysis due to a severe kidney disease.
- Call your doctor immediately if you experience signs and symptoms of adverse glyxambi side effects such as nausea, severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, rapid heart rate, drowsiness, increased thirst or urination, or excess sweating.
- Rarely, Glyxambi may cause infection in your genital area. Get immediate medical assistance if you notice itching, burning sensation, pain, tenderness, redness, odor, discharge or swelling in the genital or rectal area, or if you have a fever or a feeling of unwellness.
- If you notice symptoms such as joint pain, stomach ache, nausea and vomiting, discontinue taking Glyxambi and inform your doctor immediately.
- Empagliflozin can cause life-threatening diabetic ketoacidosis. You may need to regularly check your level of ketones in the urine and carefully monitor your blood sugar levels.
Precautions
- Before taking Glyxambi, let your doctor know:
- If you are aged 65 years or more.
- If you are currently facing alcoholism.
- If you have a planned surgery
- If you are on a low-sodium diet.
- If you have triglycerides or high cholesterol.
- Do not take Glyxambi if you are allergic to empagliflozin, linagliptin, or other ingredients.
- It is considered unsafe to consume alcohol while taking Glyxambi. Avoid taking medications that contain alcohol. Discuss with your doctor the potential risks of Glxambi if you drink alcohol.
- Glyxambi may cause harm to the unborn fetus and may pass into the breast milk. Tell your doctor if you think you may be pregnant, planning to become pregnant or if you are breastfeeding a baby. Your doctor may suggest you stop the medication in this condition.
- Keep your genital area clean and hygienic to reduce yeast or urinary tract infection chances.
- Do not take Glyxambi if you have or have ever had a urination problem, bladder infection, heart failure, pancreas disorder, or genital infection.
Contraindications
- If you are allergic to empagliflozin, linagliptin or any other ingredients in Glyxambi.
- If you are allergic to any other sodium-glucose-cotransporter 2/SGLT2, dipeptidyl-peptidase-4/DPP4.
- Patients on dialysis.
Missed Dose
- If you missed a dose of Glyxambi, take it as soon as you remember.
- If it is almost time to take your next dose, you may skip the missed dose and take the next dosage as per your dosing schedule.
- Do not take two doses or an extra dose of the same medication to compensate for the missed dose, as it may cause adverse side effects.
- You can try setting a reminder on your phone to avoid missing your dose.
[Note: If you have missed a medication dose and are unsure when to take the next one, immediately consult your doctor or pharmacist.]
Overdose
You should not take Glyxambi more than your doctor prescribed. If you think you may have taken the medication more than the recommended dose, seek immediate medical assistance, even in the absence of symptoms. If someone has overdosed on Glyxambi and is having severe symptoms such as trouble breathing, unconsciousness and seizures, immediately call 911 or head to the nearest emergency room.
[Note: If you consumed more than the recommended dose, get medical help immediately, or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.]
Storage
- Store Glyxambi in its original container at a controlled room temperature, away from direct sunlight, excess heat and moisture.
- Do not keep it at room temperature above 30°C. Do not keep it in the bathroom; keep it in a dark, cool, dry place.
- Keep all medications away from the sight and reach of children and pets.
- Do not keep medicines that are outdated or no longer needed.
- Do not throw the medicine in wastewater or your household garbage bin.
- Do not flush the medicine or pour it into the drain unless instructed.
- Properly discard Glyxambi if it has expired or is no longer needed.
- For more information on the proper disposal of the medication, consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.
[Note: Discuss with your healthcare professional the proper disposal of unused medicine and any questions you may have regarding its storage.]
Glyxambi Interactions
- Alcohol
- Diuretics include:
- Chlorthalidone
- Hydrochlorothiazide
- Furosemide
- Spironolactone
- Sulfonylureas include:
- Glyburide
- Glimepiride
- Glipizide
- Rifampin
- Insulins include:
- insulin aspart
- premixed insulins
- insulin degludec
[Note: This isn’t a complete list, and there could be other drugs that interact with Glyxambi. Tell your doctor about prescription, over-the-counter medicines, and herbal products.]
Glyxambi Alternatives
- Metformin
- Ozempic (semaglutide)
- Onglyza (saxagliptin)
- Januvia (sitagliptin)
- Levemir (insulin detemir)
- Lantus (insulin glargine)
- Toujeo (insulin glargine)
- Starlix (nateglinide)
- Prandin (repaglinide)
- Jardiance (empagliflozin)
[Note: Your doctor will choose what’s best for you. Don’t use any of these alternative medications without consulting your healthcare provider. Taking them by yourself may cause serious side effects.]
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is Glyxambi and how does it help in managing type 2 diabetes?
Glyxambi is a combination medication containing empagliflozin and linagliptin, used to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It works by increasing insulin levels after meals and helping the kidneys eliminate glucose from the bloodstream, thereby regulating blood sugar levels.
2. Can Glyxambi be taken with other diabetes medications?
While Glyxambi can be used in combination with other diabetes medications, it is essential to consult with your healthcare provider before adding any new medication to your treatment regimen. Glyxambi may interact with certain drugs, such as diuretics, sulfonylureas, and insulins, potentially affecting blood sugar control.
3. What are the common side effects of Glyxambi?
Common side effects of Glyxambi include bladder infection, depression, nausea, headache, sweating, chills, dry mouth, nightmares, dizziness, and vomiting. Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience any severe side effects or signs of an allergic reaction.
4. How should Glyxambi be stored and disposed of?
Glyxambi should be stored at room temperature, away from direct sunlight, excess heat, and moisture. Keep the medication in its original container and out of reach of children and pets. Dispose of unused or expired medication properly, following local regulations or consulting your pharmacist or waste disposal company for guidance.
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